Australian English

                                              

The variety of English in Australia (AusE, AuE or AusEng) is featured as the country´s common language and de facto national language along with some native languages. It began to differentiate from British and Irish English after the First Fleet established the colony of New South Wales in 1788. Australian English was a dialectal "melting pot" created by the intermingling of the early settlers. By the 1820s the native born colonists language was different from that of the British Isles speakers. 

Dialect levelling which ensued produced an homogeneoua new variety of English which mixed South East English, Cockney, Irish, Scottish and Welsh. After the Australian Gold Rush in the 1850s there was a growing population in Victoria and NewSouth Wales which received migrants and their dialects from the Commonwealth regions mainly. There are regional varieties in Tasmania, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia and it receives words from Australian Aboriginal languages, Samoan and Asian immigrants.

Australian words are more related to British English than American English and also they have genuine words such as bikkie (biscuit), arvo (afternoon), barbie (barbecue), crook (sick), drongo (idiot), dunny (toilet), fair dinkum (good), mozzie (mosquito), postie (postman), sunnies (sunglasses), thongs (flips flops), tinnie (can of beer), tucker (food), yabber (talk fast and nonsense), brekky (breakfast), togs (costumes), runners (sneakers), smokes (cigarettes), undies (underwear), footy (football).

The pronunciation has the following characteristics: weak vowel merger, unstressed /i/ is merged into /e/, uniformly non-rhotic, intervocalic alveolar flapping, yod-dropping occurs after /s, l, z/, the affixes -ary, -ery, -ory, -bury, -berry are pronunced as full vowel or schwa and the words ending in unstressed -il are pronunced as a full vowel or schwa.

New Zealand English: English is one of the three official languages along with Maori and its called "colonial twang" or Kiwi English. Its pronunciation is softer sounding and its said to be based on the accent of South-East England where a lot of settlers came to N.Z. They say "kiwis" speak fast with a rising tone at the end of sentences making it sound like questions, the vowels are open, the "r" sound is softer and they have some Maori words. 

Example words: a bit, all good, bro, buggered, knackered, chur (thanks), heaps, stoked (happy), bach or crib for holiday home, togs for swimsuit and expressions like yeah, nah, chilly bin...

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