Present Perfect tense

Affirmative---------Negative:
I have arrived ------I have not arrived----
You have arrived------You have not arrived
He/she/it have arrived-----He/she /it has not arrived
We have arrived-----We have not arrived
You have arrived-----You haven’t arrived
They have arrived-----They haven’t arrived
Interrogatives and their answers from alternative questions (or yes/no questions begun with any auxiliary verb):
Have I arrived?               Yes, I have. No, I haven´t.
Have you arrived?           Yes, you have.   No, you havent.
Has he/she/it arrived?      Yes, he/she/ it has.               No, he /she /it hasn´t.
Have we arrived?             Yes, we have.      No, we haven´t.
Have you arrived?            Yes, you have.    No, you haven´t.
Have they arrived?            Yes, they have.   No, they haven´t.

We form Present Perfect with the Present Simple of "To have" and a past participle.
It is used to speak about actions that continue in the present. Examples:
E.g. I have studied English for 5 years (and I continue) She has lived in Leeds for 1 year
Actions that started in the past but have a result now, in the present
To talk about finished actions: I have written this letter, She’s studied the list of verbs.
To speak about past actions with present consequences. Examples:
The boy has broken the glass. We’ve parked our car in your avenue. (and it’s still there)
We use just + present perfect to talk about events and recent actions, that is to say, actions that happened very recently, a moment ago.

Position of the adverb just: Subject + auxiliary has/have + just + verb in past pple.
The adverb just goes between the auxiliary has/have and the past participle of main verb
The plane has just landed Amy has just arrived.

We can also use "already" with similar meaning to just ("ya" in Spanish) because it conveys that

something is done or happened before than expected. We can place it between the auxiliary and the main verb or at the end of the sentence in the interrogatives mainly.

We have already eaten our lunch.

Have they received (already) their gifts (already)?

For /since with the Present Perfect.
For and since indicate how long something lasts. We use for + period of time (two hours, three days, a year, etc) and we use since + a point in time (on Friday, at 5 pm…)
I have been here since 6 pm. I have lived in New Zealand for three years.
Lucy has been here since last Friday. Lucy has been here for a week.

-Since and For.
Since yesterday= for 24 hours
Since the 16th century= for 400 years.

-Still.

It is used in affirmative and interrogative sentences with the meaning of an action that continues occurring mainly in present simple or continuous.

E.g. "My cousin still lives with his parents though he is fifty years old".  

"Are they still doing the cleaning?"

It means "aún, todavía" in Spanish and it is used in negative sentences between the subject and the auxiliary verb and the main verb in the past participle form: 

"We still have not signed the contract form."

"He still has not quitted his job because he needs to pay his monthly bills."

-Yet.

It is used in negative and interrogative sentences usually at the end of the sentences to imply an action that has not occurred.

"She has not worked in the company yet."

"We have not written to the solicitor yet."

"They have not yet bought the book in the bookshop."

"The party has not yet finished"

Gone or Been? Gone is used frequently in present perfect to say someone has gone anywhere but has not returned yet, whereas Been is used to say someone has gone somewhere but has already returned.
Patrick has gone to Melbourne= Patrick is in Melbourne now.
Patrick has been to Melbourne= Patrick went to Melbourne but now he is back.